Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community.

Fasting in Ramadan is a spiritual practice prescribed in the Quran. It teaches self-discipline, empathy for the needy, and closeness to Allah.

Every adult Muslim is required to fast, except those who are sick, traveling, pregnant, nursing, elderly, or menstruating.

Fasting begins at Fajr (dawn) and ends at Maghrib (sunset) each day. No food, drink, or harmful behavior is allowed during this period.

Those who are ill, undergoing medical treatment, or whose health could be harmed by fasting are exempt. They can make up missed fasts later or provide charity if unable to fast.